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English TOEFL: Academic Words Flashcards

41 academic verbs, adjectives and linking words for TOEFL reading and writing, with definitions, example sentences, Vietnamese meanings and audio.

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TOEFL: Academic Words word list – part 1 of 1

# Picture Word Part of speech Meaning Tiếng Việt
1 assume verb verb
To think something is true without proof cho rằng, giả định “We assume that prices will rise.”
cho rằng, giả định
2 indicate verb verb
To show or suggest chỉ ra, cho thấy “The results indicate a link.”
chỉ ra, cho thấy
3 demonstrate verb verb
To show clearly chứng minh “The study demonstrates the benefits of exercise.”
chứng minh
4 emphasize verb verb
To give special importance to nhấn mạnh “The author emphasizes the role of education.”
nhấn mạnh
5 interpret verb verb
To explain the meaning of diễn giải “Scientists interpret the data differently.”
diễn giải
6 contrast verb verb
To compare things to show differences đối chiếu, tương phản “The essay contrasts city and country life.”
đối chiếu, tương phản
7 distinguish verb verb
To see the difference between phân biệt “Babies can distinguish their mother's voice.”
phân biệt
8 classify verb verb
To put things into groups phân loại “Animals are classified by type.”
phân loại
9 establish verb verb
To start or create; to prove thành lập; xác lập “The company was established in 1990.”
thành lập; xác lập
10 acknowledge verb verb
To accept that something is true thừa nhận “He acknowledged his mistake.”
thừa nhận
11 attribute verb verb
To say that something is caused by quy cho “They attribute their success to teamwork.”
quy cho
12 contradict verb verb
To say the opposite mâu thuẫn, trái ngược “The new data contradicts the theory.”
mâu thuẫn, trái ngược
13 justify verb verb
To give a good reason for biện minh, lý giải “How can you justify the cost?”
biện minh, lý giải
14 undermine verb verb
To make something weaker làm suy yếu “Poor sleep undermines health.”
làm suy yếu
15 enhance verb verb
To improve nâng cao “Music can enhance learning.”
nâng cao
16 facilitate verb verb
To make something easier tạo điều kiện, làm dễ dàng “Technology facilitates communication.”
tạo điều kiện, làm dễ dàng
17 generate verb verb
To produce tạo ra “Wind turbines generate electricity.”
tạo ra
18 obtain verb verb
To get thu được, đạt được “Data was obtained from surveys.”
thu được, đạt được
19 retain verb verb
To keep giữ lại “The brain retains information better after sleep.”
giữ lại
20 constitute verb verb
To form or make up cấu thành “Women constitute half the workforce.”
cấu thành
21 comprise verb verb
To consist of bao gồm “The book comprises ten chapters.”
bao gồm
22 exhibit verb verb
To show a quality or feeling thể hiện, biểu lộ “The patients exhibited signs of stress.”
thể hiện, biểu lộ
23 fundamental adjective adjective
Basic and most important cơ bản, nền tảng “This is a fundamental change.”
cơ bản, nền tảng
24 substantial adjective adjective
Large in amount đáng kể, lớn “There was a substantial increase.”
đáng kể, lớn
25 inevitable adjective adjective
Certain to happen không thể tránh khỏi “Change is inevitable.”
không thể tránh khỏi
26 controversial adjective adjective
Causing disagreement gây tranh cãi “It was a controversial decision.”
gây tranh cãi
27 plausible adjective adjective
Seeming reasonable hợp lý, có vẻ đúng “That is a plausible explanation.”
hợp lý, có vẻ đúng
28 ambiguous adjective adjective
Having more than one meaning mơ hồ, nước đôi “The question was ambiguous.”
mơ hồ, nước đôi
29 comprehensive adjective adjective
Including everything toàn diện “They did a comprehensive study.”
toàn diện
30 crucial adjective adjective
Extremely important cốt yếu, cực kỳ quan trọng “Water is crucial for life.”
cốt yếu, cực kỳ quan trọng
31 consistent adjective adjective
Always the same nhất quán “The results were consistent.”
nhất quán
32 relevant adjective adjective
Connected with the subject liên quan, thích hợp “Is this information relevant?”
liên quan, thích hợp
33 diverse adjective adjective
Very different from each other đa dạng “The city has a diverse population.”
đa dạng
34 subsequent adjective adjective
Coming after something else tiếp theo, sau đó “Subsequent studies confirmed the results.”
tiếp theo, sau đó
35 thereby adverb adverb
As a result of this action nhờ đó, do đó “Prices fell, thereby increasing sales.”
nhờ đó, do đó
36 predominantly adverb adverb
Mostly chủ yếu “The area is predominantly rural.”
chủ yếu
37 whereby adverb adverb
By which theo đó, nhờ đó “It is a system whereby students vote.”
theo đó, nhờ đó
38 notion noun noun
An idea or belief khái niệm, quan niệm “The notion of freedom is complex.”
khái niệm, quan niệm
39 framework noun noun
A structure of ideas khuôn khổ “The study provides a framework for research.”
khuôn khổ
40 perspective noun noun
A way of thinking about something quan điểm, góc nhìn “Look at it from a historical perspective.”
quan điểm, góc nhìn
41 criterion noun noun
A standard for judging (plural: criteria) tiêu chí “What are the criteria for success?”
tiêu chí

Source: Word frequency: google-10000-english (Google Web Trillion Word Corpus). Definitions: Princeton WordNet 3.0 (WordNet License). Exam word lists: TSL, BSL, NAWL – Browne & Culligan, newgeneralservicelist.com (CC BY-SA 4.0) (opens in a new tab)